-emment and -amment
The adverbial suffixes -emment and -amment are commonly used to form adverbs from adjectives
The suffix -emment is typically added to adjectives that end in -ent. For example:
- patient (patient) ➡ patiemment (patiently)
- Vous n’êtes pas très patient ! - Au contraire, j’attends patiemment depuis deux minutes mais votre temps est écoulé.
- fréquent (frequent) ➡ fréquemment (frequently)
- C’est une question fréquente dans ce type of jeux: on la pose fréquemment.
- évident (evident) ➡ évidemment (evidently)
- Et quand on y réfléchit, la réponse est évidente: c’est le Rhône, évidemment !
- Pour moi, la réponse est évidente mais pas pour vous évidemment : c’était Victor Hugo.
- récent (recent) ➡ récemment (recently)
- Est-ce un auteur récent ? - Non, il n’a rien écrit récemment car il est mort depuis presque un siècle et demi.
The suffix -amment is generally added to adjectives that end in -ant. For example:
- constant (constant) becomes constamment (constantly).
- Son effort constant et le fait qu’il s’entraîne constamment ont conduit à son succès.
- brillant (brilliant) becomes brillamment (brilliantly).
- On a donc répondu brillamment à notre question. C’est nous qui ne sommes pas brillants !
Despite the different spellings, -emment and -amment are pronounced the same way. The pronunciation is /amɑ̃/, which sounds like “ah-mah(n)” in English. The final “t” is silent.
préciser, précision
- Nous voudrions préciser quelques détails. We would like to clarify a few details.
- J’ai besoin d’une précision. I need a clarification.
- Mais, d’abord, une petite précision car une erreur s’est glissée dans notre dernière émission. But first, a little clarification because an error crept into our last show.
- Des dizaines de mails nous ont été envoyés pour préciser que Napoléon est né en Corse. Dozens of emails have been sent to us to specify that Napoleon was born in Corsica.
Word | Meaning | Usage Example |
---|---|---|
précis | precise, accurate, exact | Son rapport est très précis. (His report is very precise.) |
précisément | precisely, exactly | C’est précisément ce que je voulais dire. (That’s precisely what I wanted to say.) |
préciser | to specify, to clarify | Pouvez-vous préciser votre demande ? (Can you specify your request?) |
se préciser | to become clear | Les détails commencent à se préciser. (The details are starting to become clear.) |
précision | precision, accuracy clarification, detail | Il travaille avec une grande précision. (He works with great precision.) Nous attendons des précisions sur le projet. (We are waiting for details about the project.) |
French Passive Voice vs. English Passive Voice
- On a donc répondu brillamment à notre question. C’est nous qui ne sommes pas brillants ! So our question was answered brilliantly. We’re the ones who aren’t brilliant!
- C’est une question fréquente dans ce type of jeux: on la pose fréquemment. This is a frequent question in this type of game: it is asked frequently.
In English, we can form passive sentences with both direct and indirect objects. However, in French, the passive voice can only be formed with direct objects. This creates a significant difference in how certain sentences are structured in French compared to English.
Examples
With direct object (works in both languages because “the letter” is a direct object):
- English: “The letter was written by John.”
- French: “La lettre a été écrite par John.”
With indirect object (works in English, but not in French):
- English: “John was given a book.” (Passive voice with indirect object)
- French: This cannot be directly translated to passive voice in French.
Instead, in French, you would say:
- “On a donné un livre à John.” (Someone gave a book to John.)
- Or: “John a reçu un livre.” (John received a book.)
Why this difference exists
In French, the passive voice is formed with the verb “être” (to be) + the past participle of the main verb. This construction only works with transitive verbs (verbs that take a direct object). Indirect objects in French cannot become the subject of a passive sentence.
Implications
- When translating from English to French, sentences with indirect objects in the passive voice often need to be restructured.
- French tends to use active voice more frequently than English, partly due to this limitation.
- French may use other constructions to express similar ideas, such as the impersonal “on” or reflexive verbs.
faire place à
to make way for, to give way to
- La croissance économique rapide a fait place à une expansion plus modérée. Rapid economic growth has made way for a more moderate expansion.
- place à is often used as an introduction:
- Et maintenant, place à la fête Now it’s party time
- Maintenant, place au jeu ! Now, on with the game!
dimensions
- la hauteur (height), ADJ. haut
- L’horloge de la gare mesure neuf mètres de hauteur (haut). The station is 9 meters high.
- quatre-vingts centimètres de hauteur 80 centimetres high
- la longueur (length), ADJ. long
- un peu plus de cinquante de longueur a little over 50 in length
- la largeur (width), ADJ. large
- soixante mètres de large 60 metres wide
Que c’est difficile !
que can be used, like quel, to introduce an exclamatory expression:
- Que c’est beau ! How beautiful!
- Que je suis fatigué ! I’m really tired! (followed by a personal pronoun, que is not necessarily translated)
se connaître
to know oneself
- Je me connais: si je ne le fais pas maintenant, je ne le ferai pas du tout. I know myself: if I don’t do it now, I won’t do it at all.
with pronoun y, 🟰to know about, to be skilled in something
- Elle s’y connait en littérature française. She knows a lot about French literature.
- Il va te demander des conseils car il ne s’y connaît pas en investissement. He’s going to ask you for some advice because he doesn’t know anything about investment.
tenter le coup
to give it a try
- Je tente le coup (I’m giving it a try)
- Il a tenté le coup (He gave it a try)
- Autant tenter le coup (Might as well give it a try)
- Il fallait tenter le coup (We had to give it a shot)
- Ça sera difficile mais tentons le coup quand même. It will be difficult but let’s give it a try anyway.
Ça me dit quelque chose
that rings a bell, that sounds familiar
- Son nom nous dit quelque chose mais nous ne pensons pas l’avoir rencontré. His name sounds familiar but we don’t think we’ve met him.
- Ton nom me dit quelque chose, mais je ne me souviens pas où nous nous sommes rencontrés. Your name rings a bell, but I can’t remember where we met.
- Ce film me dit quelque chose, je crois l’avoir vu il y a longtemps. This movie sounds familiar, I think I watched it a long time ago.
Vocabulaire
mots | explications |
---|---|
radiophonique | radio - programme radiophonique radio programme - émission radiophonique radio broadcast |
glisser | to slip - Il a glissé sur une peau de banane. He slipped on a banana skin. |
se glisser | se glisser dans to slip into |
envoyer | to send |
naître | to be born - P.P. né |
répondre | to answer - P.P. répondu |
la croissance | growth |
la mesure | measurement, measure |
mesurer | to measure |
fresque | (art) fresco (a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid lime plaster) - A mural is any piece of graphic artwork that is painted or applied directly to a wall, ceiling or other permanent substrate. Mural techniques include fresco, mosaic, graffiti and marouflage. |
tenter | to tempt, to try |
coup | knock, blow, shock |
La Joconde | Mona Lisa |
la tentative | attempt |
la réponse | answer - C’est la bonne réponse. That’s the right answer. |
la tour | tower |
le tour | turn |
le fleuve | river |
profond | deep |
écouler | to sell off, to dispose of |
écrire | to write |
créer | to create - P.P. créé |
le personnage | figure, character |
mémorable | memorable |
siècle | century |
cultivé | cultured |
bientôt | soon |