34 Je ne sens pas le froid

-ir

• Je ne cours plus parce que j’ai trop mal aux genoux - je souffre énormément. I don’t run anymore because my knees hurt too much - I’m in great pain.
• Je pars bien avant le soleil de midi, et j’arrive le lendemain vers vingt heures. I leave well before the noon sun, and I arrive the following day around 8pm.
• Je m’arrête à mi-chemin, près de Sélestat, pour manger et dormir. I stop halfway, near Sélestat, to eat and sleep.
• J’y passe la nuit et repars après le petit-déjeuner. I spend the night there and leave again after breakfast.
• Oui, mais la pluie ne me gêne pas, et je ne sens pas le froid. Yes, but the rain doesn’t bother me, and I don’t feel the cold.
• Le patron ouvre la porte et nous dit : “C’est moi qui offre la tournée : qu’est-ce que je vous sers ?” The boss opens the door and says to us: “It’s my round: what can I get you?”

The third sub-category of third-group verbs ends in -ir, which don’t follow the regular -ir verb conjugation pattern of the second group (which adds -iss- in plural forms).

Regular -ir verbs (second group)

The present participle of regular -ir verbs ends in -issant (e.g., finissant for “finir”).

plural for nouns ending in -ou

Seven nouns ending in ou that form their plural by adding x instead of the usual s. All other nouns ending in ‘ou’ form their plural by adding ’s’ (e.g., trou ➡ trous, clou ➡ clous).

y compris

• Ils l’organisent quatre fois par an, y compris en automne et en hiver. They organise it four times a year, including in autumn and winter.
• Toute la famille est invitée, y compris ton frère. The whole family is invited, including your brother.
• Tu connais Colmar ? - J’y habite. Do you know Colmar? - I live there.

il faut vs. il fait

Detailed explanation:

1. Il faut:

   • Comes from the verb “falloir” (to be necessary)
   • Always impersonal (only used with “il”)
   • Often followed by an infinitive verb
   • Can be used with “que” + subjunctive for more complex expressions
   • Examples:
     • Il faut manger des légumes. (It’s necessary to eat vegetables.)
     • Il faut que tu partes maintenant. (You must leave now.)

2. Il fait:

   • Comes from the verb “faire” (to do, to make)
   • Used for weather expressions
   • Used in set phrases to describe general conditions
   • Examples:
     • Il fait chaud. (It’s hot.)
     • Il fait nuit. (It’s dark/nighttime.)
     • Il fait du vent. (It’s windy.)

Key differences:

• “Il faut” expresses necessity or obligation, while “il fait” describes states or conditions.
• “Il faut” is often followed by an infinitive or “que” + subjunctive, while “il fait” is usually followed by an adjective or noun when describing weather.

Vocabulaire